sdLDL (small dense LDL) Testing

sdLDL is a type of LDL cholesterol – they are smaller denser particles so they are more atherogenic. These smaller particles can penetrate the endothelial wall more easily, so they are more susceptible to oxidation in the intima of the artery. Oxidized particles contribute to the formation of foam cells, which over time develop into arterial plaque.

Elevated levels of sdLDL confer a 3-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease (a level of cardiovascular risk similar to that of cigarette smoking), and this risk is independent of LDL cholesterol! 1 In addition, sdLDL is linked to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome – patients with elevated levels are twice as likely to develop diabetes.

sdLDL test

LDL size has shown to be a strong predictor of progression of plaque growth (as measured by IMT). It also been linked with stent restenosis and with new lesion formation in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. 2

The MESA & ARIC trials showed sdLDL to be a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk than LDL-C, even in patients with low cholesterol (LDL-C < 100mg/dL). 1 Similarly, the JUPITER trial linked sdLDL to CV deaths . . . even in patients with very low LDL-C.

Take home message: Small LDL is linked to increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, the progression of coronary artery disease, and an overall higher risk of a cardiovascular events.

How do you treat sdLDL?

The best treatment is the least expensive – diet, exercise, weight loss

LIFESTYLE:

A diet low in sugars and carbohydrates will improve sdLDL.

Endurance exercise can improve sdLDL

Loss of body fat improves sdLDL

MEDICATION:

Fish oil (omega 3) and fibrates can improve sdLDL (particularly if triglycerides are elevated)

Nicotinic acid can improve sdLDL

Statins can lower both small and large LDL

Thyroid replacement can improve sdLDL in the hypothyroid patient

Do something today for a better tomorrow! 

Make an appointment now for advanced testing. We are here to help.

Advanced Lipid Tests

Click Below to Learn More

APO B

APO B

The BEST measurement of bad cholesterol

APO B

sdLDL

sdLDL

Small cholesterol particles that build up more easily in the lining of the arteries

sd-LDL

Lp(a)

Lp(a)

A dangerous type of inherited cholesterol that speeds up plaque growth in the arteries

Lp(a)